Quercus faginea

Quercus faginea is a medium-sized broadleaved tree occuring on the Iberian Penninsula. It has intermediate light demand and grows usually in association with other Quercus species. It has slow growth and has generally low timber yield. The wood is dark-brown, dense, and durable. It is mostly used as fuel wood in coppice systems, or cultivated in agro-forestry systems to as a fruit tree to support livestock.
Portuguese oak is another semi-evergreen Mediterranean oak species whose foliage is not favourable to leaf chewers. Thus far, no confirmed caterpillar records from this species are available, and its contribution to host herbivore diversity is likely minor, even if grown more widely under a warming climate.
References: ^1,3